Building-level adaptation analysis under uncertain sea-level rise

Recent studies show climate-induced sea-level rise (SLR) will accelerate storm surge impacts in many coastal areas around the world. The decision-making of building-level adaptation strategies is a challenging task due to uncertain climate impacts. This study evaluates through dynamic programming-based cost-benefit analysis approach incorporate latest information SLR decision-making. outcomes are estimated by applying Monte-Carlo method with stochastic flood damage buildings under four projections. Based on case Bay County, Florida (USA), results indicate that single-family and multi-family most vulnerable County. Mobile homes have lower risk, while they more sensitive SLR. long-term shows could exponentially increase average annual community from $17.7 million $204 million. Investing adaptive measures can substantially mitigate where adapted ranges $9.57 $38.2 county. proposed facilitate effective risk communications between public private sectors improvise planning